Bahaj, Deeg (Rajasthan):In a groundbreaking discovery, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has uncovered the remains of a 4,500-year-old civilisation in Bahaj village of Deeg district, Rajasthan—revealing what could be the deepest and one of the most culturally rich excavation sites in the state’s history.
The excavation, which began on January 10, 2024, has unearthed a 23-meter-deep paleo-channel, believed by archaeologists to be connected to the mythical Saraswati River, a sacred river extensively mentioned in the Rig Veda. This ancient watercourse is thought to have sustained early human settlements and possibly linked the Saraswati basin to the Braj and Mathura regions.
Five Eras of History in One Site
What makes the discovery extraordinary is the layered evidence spanning five major historical periods:
The Post-Harappan era,
The Mahabharata period,The Mauryan period,
The Kushan period, andThe Gupta period.
ASI officials say the findings highlight Braj’s deep cultural, religious, and civilisational roots, extending far beyond myth into archaeological reality.
Over 800 Artefacts and Sacred Structures Found
The excavation has brought to light over 800 artifacts, including:
Pottery with designs reminiscent of Mahabharata-era utensils and attire
Ancient Yajna Kunds (ritual fire pits) with circular and rectangular fire markings
Bone tools like needles, combs, and moulds—a first of its kind in India
Copper and iron furnaces, indicating early metallurgical practices
Seals bearing Brahmi script, dating back to the earliest written records
Statues of Shiva and Parvati, and a Mauryan-era Mother Goddess head from around 400 BC
Terracotta idols, conch shell bangles, and semi-precious beads hint at vibrant trade, fashion, and religious traditions.
A Rare Glimpse into India’s Vedic Roots
More than 15 yajna kunds and structures tied to Shakti and Bhakti traditions have been found, confirming that the site was not just a residential or trade hub, but also a major spiritual centre during the Vedic and post-Vedic periods.
Human Skeleton Sent to Israel for Analysis
Adding further intrigue, a human skeleton was unearthed from the site. It has been sent to a laboratory in Israel for advanced analysis, which may offer deeper insight into the people who lived in the region thousands of years ago.
Experts Weigh In
Site head Pawan Saraswat of the ASI called it “one of the most significant excavations in Rajasthan’s history,” noting that the deep paleo-channel could reshape the understanding of early river-based civilisations and their spiritual roots.
This historic discovery not only reaffirms Rajasthan’s ancient past but also fuels the possibility that the legendary Saraswati River was more than just mythology—it may have been the lifeline of a once-thriving civilisation.